Abstract
This paper is an attempt
to examine the relationship between ‘economic nationalism’ and ‘indigenous
thought’ in shaping the growth story of India. Strating from the historical
foundations—from ‘Kautilya’s Arthashastra’
and ‘Gandhian school of economics’ the discussion goes on to the
post-independence planning. This study shows how self-reliance has remained a
pivotal theme in the Indian economic planning and discourse. The attempt has
been made to explore the impacts of economic nationalism, import substitution,
Green Revolution, cooperative movements, and latest initiatives such as Atmanirbhar Bharat. The analysis
identifies key challenges and contradictions, particularly the tensions between
globalization and autonomy, protectionism and innovation, inclusivity and
inequality, and growth and sustainability. By synthesizing indigenous knowledge
systems with modern policy imperatives, the paper proposes a conceptual
framework for self-reliant growth based on principles of indigenous innovation,
strategic autonomy, inclusive development, and environmental sustainability.
Ultimately, the study
argues that self-reliance in India is not merely an economic strategy but a
holistic vision of national empowerment. It underscores the importance of
integrating cultural identity, ethical responsibility, and modern
competitiveness to build a resilient economy capable of thriving in a
globalized world. This framework offers a pathway for India to achieve
sustainable development that is both uniquely rooted in its intellectual
heritage and globally relevant in scope.